Escape Velocity

To reach escape velocity out of earths gravity well is a dangerous event. 2 out of  135  NASA space shuttles blew up on trying to reach orbit.

The less the initial mass of the object being sent into space, the less energy needed.

The rocket was invented during a time of war WW2 when your country was being bombed on a daily basis. When being bombed, you could not build a High-speed rail .

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn_V

The rocket is enormously stupid as its own weight is burnt off in the first few minutes/seconds of lift off.
In 2 minutes or 120 seconds of burning to take off , 1/3 of its weight is lost to get to 2300 m/s . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn_V#S-IC_first_stage

It is so wrong on cost efficiency.

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Spinlaunch Apr 7, 2022

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Shanghai Maglev, maximum operational speed of 430km/h. Speed of sound is 1,236 kilometres per hour

I don't know about these numbers. "a rifle bullet is up to 1.7 km/s or 1700 m/s"

five times the speed of sound

speed of sound
" speed of sound is 343.59 metres per second"

reportedly 33 times the speed of sound is the escape velocity

which does work, to get to 11,200 meters per second


The sane way to enter orbit is from an electromagnetic rail line that changes to an upward angle, or is always on an angle.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_sled

No rocket on the rocket ignited until it is about to leave the rails.

On the inside of a mountain. In a tube that has little to no air resistance, air (nitrogen) replaced by another thinner gas. I don't know if linear or curved like in the photo below works better.

The superman ride

Another curve is the isochronous curve


The spacecraft should be designed to be able to deploy a parachute if there is engine trouble after the release from the Maglev rail system.

The only rocket fuel on board is for the burn needed to finish reaching escape velocity. This Maglev rail system would remove the first stage burn of a standard rocket . Maybe even regular airplane jet fuel could be used when it is released from the rail until it passes 15000 meters altitude.

Note : I have to find air density at different height levels. Highest mountain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_highest_mountains

6KM is Denali also known as Mount McKinley

 Then there is still oxygen available to burn to 15,000 meters (15 KM)

"Fifty percent of the total mass of the atmosphere is located in the lower 5.6 km of the troposphere." mass = oxygen to burn in combustion, but it looks like it drops to a meaningless amount at 6KM. Troposphere goes to 12KM for some reason.


From outermost to sea level, the five arbitrary names of the atmosphere zones

5) Exosphere: 700 to 10,000 km. The last layer.

4) Thermosphere: 80 to 700 km . 215 km = 133.6 miles. 340 km = 211.3 miles

The International Space Station is in a LEO about 400 km (250 mi) above the Earth's surface.^[4]
LEO https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit


3) Mesosphere: 50 to 80 km

2) Stratosphere: 12 to 50 km . A human boils due to lack of atmospheric pressure at 18 or 19 km or the Armstrong limit. 37.6 km = 23.4 miles. 120,000 feet = 22.7 miles =36.5 km. 18–19 km = 11–12 miles 59,000–62,000 feet above sea level, above which atmospheric air pressure drops below 0.0618 atm.

1) Troposphere: 0 to 12 km. The first layer.

Additional
Gerald Bull https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Bull
designed and built a super gun. This would be used for non living objects to be sent into orbit ( due to the G-forces involved).
It was a space gun intended to shoot projectiles into orbit, a theme of Bull's work since Project HARP"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Babylon